China expects a total installed capacity of photovoltaics and wind power over 1200GW by 2030.
On October 26, The State Council of the People’s Republic of China issued the “Emission Peaking Action Plan by 2030” to confirm the further development of renewable energy. China expects a total installed capacity of photovoltaics and wind power to exceed 1200GW by 2030.
The action plan outlines the vigorous acceleration of the construction of centralized and distributed photovoltaics and wind power stations, the comprehensive promotion of large-scale high-quality wind and solar power development, and the construction of wind and photovoltaic power generation bases.
China will make strenuous efforts to upgrade the smart photovoltaic industries with the innovational “photovoltaic +” model, and promote the diversified layout of photovoltaic power stations, the construction of offshore wind power stations, as well as solar thermal power generation to supplement one another and support the consumption of renewable energy power.
In addition, China will promote the coordinated and rapid development of wind power, improve the offshore wind power industry chain, and encourage the construction of offshore wind power bases.
At the same time, China will develop biomass power generation, biomass clean heating and bio-natural gas in accordance with local conditions. Explore and deepen the development and utilization of new marine energy such as geothermal energy, wave energy, tidal energy, and temperature difference energy. Furthermore, China will improve the guarantee mechanism for the consumption of renewable energy power.
Below is a summarized translation of the official document.
1. General requirements
(1) Guiding ideology. Clarify the goals and tasks of various regions, fields, and industries, accelerate the realization of green changes in production and lifestyle, promote economic and social development based on efficient use of resources and green and low-carbon development, and ensure that the carbon peak goal by 2030 is achieved on schedule.
(2) Working principles. Systematically unify the country’s efforts and vigorously promote green and low-carbon technological innovation, deepen reforms in energy and related fields, and form an effective incentive and restraint mechanism. Steady, orderly and safely reduce carbon emissions. Promote a smooth low-carbon energy transition, effectively guarantee national energy security, industrial supply chain security, food security and the normal production and life of the people, and strive to resolve various hidden risks, prevent overreaction.
2. Main goals
By 2025, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will reach about 20%, energy consumption per unit of GDP will be reduced by 13.5% compared to 2020, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be reduced by 18% compared with 2020, laying a solid foundation for achieving carbon peak.
By 2030, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will reach about 25%, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be reduced by more than 65% compared with 2005, and the goal of carbon peaking before 2030 will be successfully achieved.
3. Key tasks
(1) Energy green and low-carbon transition actions.
Energy is an important material basis for economic and social development and the most important source of carbon emissions. We must adhere to safe carbon reduction, vigorously implement renewable energy substitution under the premise of ensuring energy security, and accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system.
1. Promote the substitution, transformation and upgrading of coal consumption. Accelerate the pace of coal reduction, strictly and rationally control the growth of coal consumption during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, and gradually reduce it during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period.
2. Vigorously develop new energy. Comprehensively promote the large-scale development and high-quality development of wind power and solar power, adhere to the simultaneous development of centralized and distributed, and accelerate the construction of wind power and photovoltaic power generation bases.
3. Develop hydropower according to local conditions. Actively promote the construction of hydropower bases,
4. Actively develop nuclear power in a safe and orderly manner.
5. Reasonably regulate oil and gas consumption. Keep oil consumption in a reasonable range, gradually adjust the scale of gasoline consumption, vigorously promote the replacement of traditional fuels such as advanced bio-liquid fuels and sustainable aviation fuels, and improve the energy efficiency of terminal fuel products.
6. Speed up the construction of a new power system. Build a new type of power system with a gradual increase in the proportion of new energy, and promote the large-scale optimization of clean power resources.
(2) Energy-saving, carbon-reduction and efficiency-increasing actions.
1. Comprehensively improve energy-saving management capabilities. Promote energy budget management, strengthen energy-saving review of fixed asset investment projects, conduct comprehensive evaluations of project energy use and carbon emissions, and promote energy-saving and carbon-reduction from the source.
2. Implement key projects for energy conservation and carbon reduction. Implement urban energy-saving and carbon-reduction projects, carry out energy-saving upgrading and transformation of infrastructure, such as buildings, transportation, lighting, and heating, promote the demonstration and application of advanced green building technologies, and promote the improvement of urban comprehensive energy efficiency.
3. Promote energy conservation and efficiency enhancement of key energy-using equipment. Focus on equipment such as motors, fans, pumps, compressors, transformers, heat exchangers, and industrial boilers to comprehensively improve energy efficiency standards.
4. Strengthen the energy saving and carbon reduction of new infrastructure. Optimize the spatial layout of new infrastructures, make overall plans, and scientifically configure data centers and other new infrastructures to avoid low-level redundant construction.
(3) Carbon peaking action in the industrial sector.
1. Promote green and low-carbon development in the industrial sector. Optimize the industrial structure, accelerate the withdrawal of backward production capacity, vigorously develop strategic emerging industries, and accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of traditional industries.
2. Promote the carbon peak of the steel industry. Deepen the supply-side structural reform of the steel industry, strictly implement capacity replacement, strictly prohibit new capacity, promote inventory optimization, and eliminate outdated capacity. Promote cross-regional and cross-ownership mergers and reorganizations of iron and steel enterprises to increase industry concentration.
3. Promote carbon peaks in the non-ferrous metal industry. Consolidate the achievements in resolving excess capacity of electrolytic aluminum, strictly implement capacity replacement, and strictly control new capacity.
4. Promote the carbon peak in the building materials industry. Strengthen the supervision of production capacity replacement, accelerate the exit of inefficient production capacity, and strictly prohibit new cement clinker and flat glass production capacity.
5. Promote the peak of carbon in the petrochemical and chemical industry. Optimize the scale and layout of production capacity, increase the elimination of backward production capacity, and effectively resolve the contradiction of structural surplus. By 2025, the domestic crude oil processing capacity will be controlled to within 1 billion MT, and the capacity utilization rate of major products will increase to more than 80%.
6. Resolutely curb the blind development of the “two highs” project. Take strong measures to implement inventory management, classified disposal, and dynamic monitoring of the “two highs” projects. Comprehensively investigate the projects under construction, and if the energy efficiency level is lower than the entry value of the energy consumption limit of the industry, stop work for rectification in accordance with the relevant regulations, and promote the energy efficiency level should be raised as much as possible, and strive to fully reach the domestic and international advanced level.
(4) Carbon peaking in urban and rural construction.
1. Promote the green and low-carbon transformation of urban and rural construction. Promote the development of urban clusters, scientifically determine the scale of construction, and control the excessive growth of new construction land. Advocate the concept of green and low-carbon planning and design, enhance urban and rural climate resilience, and build sponge cities.
2. Accelerate the improvement of building energy efficiency. Accelerate the update of standards for building energy efficiency and municipal infrastructure, and raise energy saving and carbon-reduction requirements. By 2025, green building standards will be fully implemented for new buildings in cities and towns.
3. Speed up the optimization of building energy structure. Deepen the application of renewable energy in buildings and promote the integrated application of photovoltaic power generation and buildings. By 2025, the replacement rate of renewable energy in urban buildings will reach 8%, and the roof photovoltaic coverage rate of new public institutions and new factory buildings will reach 50%.
4. Promote rural construction and low-carbon transformation of energy use. Promote the construction of green farmhouses and speed up the energy-saving renovation of farmhouses. Continue to promote clean heating in rural areas, and choose appropriate heating methods in accordance with local conditions.
(5) Green and low-carbon transportation actions.
1. Promote the low-carbon transformation of transportation equipment. Actively expand the application of new energy and clean energy such as electric power, hydrogen energy, natural gas, and advanced bio-liquid fuels in the transportation field. By 2030, the proportion of new energy and clean energy-powered vehicles will reach about 40%, and the carbon emission intensity of operating vehicles will be reduced by about 9.5% compared to 2020. Decrease the national railway unit’s comprehensive energy consumption ratio by 10% compared to in 2020. Oil consumption by land transportation strives to reach its peak by 2030.
2. Build a green and efficient transportation system. Develop intelligent transportation, promote the rational division of labor and effective connection of different modes of transportation, and reduce the empty-load rate and unreasonable passenger and freight turnover.
3. Speed up the construction of green transportation infrastructure. The concept of green and low-carbon runs through the entire process of transportation infrastructure planning, construction, operation and maintenance to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions throughout the life cycle. . By 2030, strive to fully electrify vehicles and equipment in civil transportation airports.
(6) Circular economy facilitates carbon reduction actions.
1. Promote the circular development of industrial parks. Aiming to improve the resource output rate and recycling utilization rate as the goal, optimize the space layout, and carry out the recycling transformation of industrial parks.
2. Strengthen the comprehensive utilization of bulk solid waste. By 2025, the annual utilization of bulk solid waste will reach about 4 billion MT; by 2030, the annual utilization will reach about 4.5 billion MT.
3. Improve the resource recycling system. By 2025, the recycling of 9 major renewable resources including scrap iron and steel, scrap copper, scrap aluminum, scrap lead, scrap zinc, waste paper, waste plastics, waste rubber, and waste glass will reach 450 million MT, and reach 510 million MT by 2030.
4. Vigorously promote the reduction of domestic waste into resources. By 2025, the municipal solid waste classification system will be sound, and the resource utilization ratio of solid waste will increase to about 60%. By 2030, complete coverage of the classification of urban domestic waste will be achieved, and the proportion of domestic waste resource utilization will increase to 65%.
(7) Green and low-carbon technological innovation actions.
1. Improve the innovation system and mechanism. Develop scientific and technological support for carbon peak carbon neutrality action plans, set up key special projects such as research and demonstration of key carbon neutral technologies in the national key research and development plan, and develop the key core of low-carbon, zero-carbon and negative carbon technical research.
2. Strengthen the construction of innovation capabilities and the training of talents. Establish carbon and carbon neutral related national laboratories, national key laboratories, and national technology innovation centers, appropriately advance the layout of major national scientific and technological infrastructures, and guide enterprises, colleges and universities, and scientific research units to jointly build a batch of national green and low-carbon industry innovation centers.
3. Strengthen applied basic research. Implement a batch of forward-looking and strategic national major cutting-edge science and technology projects, and promote breakthroughs in the research and development of low-carbon, zero-carbon and carbon-negative technology and equipment. Focus on the green and intelligent development of fossil energy and clean and low-carbon utilization, large-scale utilization of renewable energy, new power systems, energy saving, hydrogen energy, energy storage, power batteries, carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage, etc., and deepen basic research on applications.
4. Accelerate the research and development, promotion and application of advanced and applicable technologies. Concentrate on technical innovations such as safe and stable operation and control of complex large-scale power grids, large-capacity wind power, high-efficiency photovoltaics, high-power LNG engines, large-capacity energy storage, low-cost renewable energy hydrogen production, and low-cost carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage.
(8) Consolidation and enhancement of carbon sink capacity.
1. Consolidate the carbon sequestration effect of the ecosystem.
2. Improve the carbon sink capacity of the ecosystem. Implement major ecological protection and restoration projects. Deepen the large-scale greening of the country, consolidate the results of returning farmland to forest and grassland, and expand the total amount of forest and grass resources. Strengthen the protection of forest resources, implement the project of precision improvement of forest quality, and improve the quality and stability of forests. By 2030, the national forest coverage rate will reach about 25%, and the forest stock will reach 19 billion cubic meters.
3. Strengthen the basic support of ecosystem carbon sinks.
4. Promote emission reduction and carbon sequestration in agriculture and rural areas.
(9) Green and low-carbon national action.
1. Strengthen the promotion and education of ecological responsibility.
2. Promote a green and low-carbon lifestyle. Resolutely curb extravagance, waste, and unreasonable consumption, strive to get rid of extravagant and extravagant habits.
3. Guide enterprises to fulfill their social responsibilities. Guide enterprises to actively adapt to the requirements of green and low-carbon development, strengthen the awareness of environmental responsibility, strengthen energy and resource conservation, and enhance the level of green innovation.
4. Strengthen the training of leading officials.
(10) Orderly ranking of carbon peaking actions in various regions.
1. Scientifically and reasonably determine the orderly ranking of peak goal in various reasons. Regions where carbon emissions have stabilized should consolidate the results of emission reductions, and further reduce carbon emissions on the basis of taking the lead in achieving carbon peaks. The country will strive to achieve carbon peaks at the same time as a whole.
2. Promote green and low-carbon development in accordance with local conditions. All regions should combine regional major strategies, regional coordinated development strategies, and major functional zone strategies to promote green and low-carbon development in their respective regions based on actual conditions.
3. Work together from top to bottom to formulate a local peak plan.
4. Organize the construction of pilot projects for carbon peaking. Increase the central government’s support for local governments to promote carbon peaking to accelerate the realization of green Low-carbon transformation provides the country with practical, reproducible, and extendable experience and practices.
4. International cooperation
(1) Actively participate in the construction of a global green governance system, adhere to the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities, fairness and respective capabilities, adhere to multilateralism, maintain the international system with the United Nations at its core, and promote the full implementation of the United Nations Framework for Climate Change Convention and its Paris Agreement. Actively participate in international shipping and aviation emission reduction negotiations.
(2) Carrying out green economic trade, technology and financial cooperation. Optimize the trade structure and vigorously develop the trade of high-quality, high-tech, and high-value-added green products. Strengthen international cooperation on green standards, promote the implementation of conformity assessment cooperation and mutual recognition mechanisms, and do a good job in linking green trade rules with import and export policies.
(3) Promote the construction of the green “Belt and Road”. Adhere to the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, promote the concept of openness, greenness, and integrity, and strengthen cooperation in the fields of green infrastructure, green energy, and green finance in the “Belt and Road” countries. Improve the environmental sustainability of overseas projects, and create green and inclusive “One Belt One Road” energy partnership to expand the export of new energy technologies and products.
5. Policy Guarantee
(1) Establish a unified and standardized carbon emission statistical accounting system. Promote the development of carbon emission measurement technology, accelerate the application of remote sensing measurement, big data, cloud computing and other emerging technologies in the field of carbon emission measurement technology, and improve the level of statistical accounting. Actively participate in the study of international carbon emission accounting methods, and promote the establishment of a fairer and more reasonable carbon emission accounting method system.
(2) Improve laws, regulations and standards. Build a legal system conducive to green and low-carbon development, and promote the formulation and revision of the Energy Law, Energy Conservation Law, Electricity Law, Coal Law, Renewable Energy Law, Circular Economy Promotion Law, and Cleaner Production Promotion Law.
(3) Improve economic policies. People’s governments at all levels should increase their support for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Establish and improve a taxation policy system conducive to green and low-carbon development, implement and improve tax preferential policies such as energy-saving and water-saving, comprehensive utilization of resources, and better play the role of taxation in promoting green and low-carbon development of market entities.
(4) Establish and improve a market-oriented mechanism. Give full play to the role of the national carbon emissions trading market, further improve supporting systems, and gradually expand the scope of trading industries.
6. Organization and implementation
(1) Strengthen overall planning and coordination. Strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee on carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. The carbon peaking and carbon neutralization work leading group will conduct the overall deployment and systematic advancement of carbon peaking related work, coordinate research on important issues, and formulate major policies.
(2) Strengthen the implementation of responsibilities. All relevant units, people’s organizations, and social organizations must actively play their role in accordance with relevant national arrangements to promote green and low-carbon development.
(3) Strict supervision and assessment. Implement a system that focuses on carbon intensity control and supplements total carbon emission control; implements coordinated management, coordinated decomposition, and coordinated assessment of energy consumption and carbon emission indicators, and gradually establishes a systematic and comprehensive carbon peak carbon neutral comprehensive evaluation and assessment system.
